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1 / Estrogen

Role: Regulates mood, brain energy, bone health, and temperature control.
Change: Levels fluctuate wildly, then decline.
Result: Hot flashes, sleep disruption, and mood changes

2 / Progesterone

Role: Calming, sleep-supportive hormone that balances estrogen.
Change: Drops earlier and more dramatically than estrogen.
Result: Increased anxiety, lighter sleep, and irritability

3 / FSH & LH

Role: Brain hormones that tell your ovaries to make estrogen and progesterone.
Change: Rise sharply as the ovaries respond less.
Result: Irregular cycles and unpredictable symptoms.

4 / DHEA

Role: Adrenal hormone that converts into estrogen and testosterone.
Change: Gradually decreases with age.
Result: Reduced resilience, lower libido, and brain fog.

5/ Serotonin

Type: Neurotransmitter
Role: Regulates mood, appetite, and sleep.
Change: Estrogen fluctuations reduce serotonin production and sensitivity.
Result: Mood swings, carbohydrate cravings, insomnia.

6/ Dopamine

Type: Neurotransmitter
Role: Focus, motivation, and pleasure.
Change: Decline leads to lower drive and mental sharpness.
Result: “Brain fog” and low motivation.

7/ Norepinephrine

Type: Neurotransmitter
Role: Alertness and stress response.
Change: Dysregulated during estrogen shifts.
Result: Fatigue, anxiety, and restless sleep.

8/ GABA

Type: Neurotransmitter (inhibitory)
Role: Calms the nervous system and supports deep sleep.
Change: Declines with progesterone.
Result: Racing thoughts, tension, and difficulty winding down.

Hormones & Neurotransmitters in Perimenopause

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